Osteoarthritis - Osteoarthritis is well known and widespread among joint diseases.What is it and how to treat it?What are the symptoms of the disease and what are its main causes?
What is osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a disease that has a destructive effect on the joints, due to which the degradation of cartilage occurs inside.
The long period of the course of the disease leads to a change in bone endings and inflammatory processes destroy the nearby tissues.
The list of joint diseases linked to pathology is not small and is a group of diseases that have a similar destructive effect, but having various causes of processes of appearance and processes.
According to statistics obtained from various types of osteoarthritis, up to 80% of the population suffers, making it the most common joint disease.The disease is so common that it is put in third place after oncology and cardiovascular disease.
Due to non-compliance with a healthy lifestyle, over time, the risk of disease increases considerably.
Osteoarthritis is not such a cutting disease and is able to knock on both men and women.People who have reached the age of 30 are subject to the disease and, over time, their number is increasing freely.
The causes of osteoarthritis
The reason for the occurrence of such osteoarthritis and such treatment is a violation of metabolic processes in the joint.This leads to a loss of cartilage and elasticity.
The reason is a significant decrease or a complete disappearance of complex proteins due to large cracks in cartilage.
Other causes can also contribute, for example, a violation of the normal production of complex proteins by the cells themselves.
Additional reasons which have a destructive effect on the joints:
- violation of metabolic processes throughout the body;
- deterioration of the hormonal background;
- slowdown in blood circulation in the joints;
- hereditary reasons;
- Age of the elderly;
- various wounds;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- psoriasis.
But the main reason is non-compliance with normal loads on joints in daily life.
Given his non -preparation, the reluctance of a person to perform physical exercises in a timely, warm manner to strengthen the joints - cartilage is not able to fully fulfill his functions.
A large list of reasons that can cause osteoarthritis:
- The injuries were received earlier, such as dislocations, fractures, bruises, ligament and other bursts;
- violation of metabolic processes that support vitality;
- Excessive body weight, which leads to ultimate loads on the joints;
- acute purulent arthritis leading to inflammation of the joint;
- old age;
- bad nutrition;
- excessive long -term decrease in body temperature;
- autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis;
- bodily poisoning;
- often occurring colds;
- Special diseases: syphilis, tuberculosis, gonorrhea, encephalitis born in tick;
- thyroid diseases;
- haemophilia;
- Peters disease.
Additional causes associated with genetics causing the appearance of osteoarthritis:
- The lesion of osteoarthritis of the hands and fingers can be obtained by hereditary means, which are proven by scientists;
- In the case of dysplasia, which developed following a violation of joint formation in the intrauterine period, excessive joint wear and tear and development of osteoarthritis may occur;
- The changes in the second type collagen can lead to a violation of the internal structure of the fibrillar protein of the connective tissue and the degradation of the cartilage.
If you are a mason, a minor, a fisherman, a charger or your activity is to a certain extent linked to excessive physical activity, then without performing any preventive actions, it is possible to obtain osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis
For a complete understanding of what osteoarthritis is and how it is treated, we will deal with external manifestations.
The most common symptoms with osteoarthritis are:
- The manifestation of pain during the loads of the joint which can calm down at rest;
- deterioration of engine functions;
- the appearance of crunch;
- The feeling of muscle on the tension around the endolori joint.
The main thing is to prevent long tumors because they can cause imminent joint deformation.
Four arthritis symptoms:
- Manifestations of pain.They are considered the first message to articulation osteoarthritis.Although the guilty of pain can be various reasons, but in the case of osteoarthritis, pain has certain characteristics.The main thing is the presence of sharp pains that appear while moving instead of the damaged joint.The pains disappear after information at a minimum of functional activity.At night, the pain does not manifest itself in any way, only with coups from one side to the other, a little discomfort is possible.In a state of immobility, pain can only manifest itself in advanced forms.For the moment, the process of falling asleep can be difficult.Symptoms were resumed early in the morning.With the development of the disease, a person needs more and more time to relax and recover.Even later, even at rest, the pain does not stop, transforming life into a constant torment.There is an almost complete wear of the cartilage, following which the bone is exposed, the osteophytes are erased.
- The appearance of crunch.A symptom that should not be overlooked.A crunch appears due to the friction of bones against each other, because the sweetness between them decreases - as a result, a distinct "dry" sound appears.Although this can happen with other diseases, and sometimes even when the joints are healthy.In serious forms of the disease, sound can become more brilliant than that expressed and pain is intensifying.
- Deterioration of joint mobility.It is an additional symptom that does not accompany osteoarthritis at the early stages, but in a neglected state stimulates the excessive growth of training of Inter - is, which leads to spasms, and the gap between the joints is almost completely invaded.And this is the main reason for the loss of mobility.
- Joint deformation.This symptom implies degrading changes in surface surfaces due to the growth of osteophytes and the flow of synovial fluid.This is one of the last symptoms of osteoarthritis.
Due to the alternation of periods of remission and exacerbation, the independent diagnosis of osteoarthritis is significantly difficult.Consequently, the fact of relying only on personal sensations is not sufficient, the help of a specialized doctor is necessary.
DIAGNOSIS - osteoarthritis
To detect possible signs indicating the presence of the disease and the degree of its complexity, the study is used using radiography:
- At the first stage, osteophytes are not yet present and the gap between the joints is reduced to the minimum.
- The second step is characterized by a decrease in joint space, with a slight appearance of osteophytes.
- In the third step, a decrease in the joint deviation is clearly noticeable, the osteophytes form a large quantity, the deformation processes begin to occur.
- At the last stage, the gap between the joints disappears almost completely, the osteophytes appear the maximum quantity possible, the deformation processes occur in full swing.
The negative consequences of osteoarthritis
Ignoring the appropriate treatment of osteoarthritis implies not only full irreversible damage to the joint, but also causes damage to the spine.
In intervertebral discs, hernias can form.Osteoarthritis is capable of spreading to other still healthy joints.
Treatment methodology
As with any other dangerous disease, treatment is preferable not to be launched by performing them at an early stage.
Treatment methods must be complete and aimed at eliminating links that contribute to the development of the disease, as well as to strengthen the factors that help to recover.
What is it in the treatment of osteoarthritis?The integrated therapy approach is the use of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects drugs.
At the same time, physiotherapeutic courses necessarily lead.In the event of treatment with the health contract method, climatic conditions must be selected so that the effect on joints is as favorable as possible.
The program should have procedures in mineral waters and mud baths.
The essence of osteoarthritis treatment is as follows
- The sick joints must be subject to the least possible charges, it is particularly important to take this into account in the processing process;
- The orthopedic regime cannot be ignored;
- Compulsory health exercises;
- Conductive physiotherapeutic procedures, such as: electrical procedures, shock wave procedures, laser therapy;
- Healing of the sanatorium - prescribed by a doctor and is recommended to go to special stations once a year;
- Driving special therapy - the introduction of oxygen into the joint;
- Drug treatment;
- Intraosseous blocking;
- The transition to an appropriate healthy diet.
Drug types
- Funds that eliminate inflammatory processes.Performing complete treatment, there is a chance to considerably slow down the course of the disease, driving yourself to torments of pain in the future.The medicinal treatment method consists in extinguishing pain and eliminating inflammatory processes in the joints.For these purposes, non -steroidal preparations are selected.Often, they are administered intravenously or intramuscular, as their oral use can cause irritation of the gastric walls.As an additional tool, various ointments are used, but given their low body perception, they have a small efficiency, they are therefore widely used.
- Hormonal corticosteroids.These drugs are prescribed when the disease acquires an increased character.They are inserted in the joint.On the damaged joint, an ointment, a patch or a dye with burning pepper is applied outside.
- Symptomatic preparations for slow action.They will help the regeneration of cartilage and will also improve the properties of synovial fluid.
The time for using these drugs can be long and does not stop as long as the patient becomes significantly better.
In the event of non-privion with drugs of the expected positive effect, their use is canceled.
In addition to special drugs, it must be taken with hyaluronic acid, which helps the creation of cellular membranes in joint cartilage.
In very rare cases, when no other medication gives a positive effect, narcotic pain relievers can be prescribed.
Healthy nutrition for patients with osteoarthritis
Nutrition is perhaps the most important problem, which must be resolved as soon as possible with deterioration of osteoarthritis.Regardless of the drugs that the patient is treated, with poor nutrition, all these efforts can be in vain.
First of all, you should eat moderately.For those who have an overweight, you must lose an urgent weight, but do not force yourself to starve, because the body must constantly receive all the trace elements in sufficient quantities.
It is necessary to limit yourself to the use of rapid carbohydrates contained in sweet foods, as well as flour products.You should refuse alcohol, in particular, beer.
Fish dishes are welcome.It is worth choosing low -fat varieties and fish should not be cooked in fried form.
It is recommended to use a junction for osteoarthritis.Since a large number of trace elements are stored in its composition, it will be useful for sick joints.
The collagen contained in it is of natural origin, which means that it is easily absorbed by the body and will serve as the basis for connective tissue.With prolonged use of the junction, the joints will become more mobile and the nearby and durable tissues.
An important factor in treatment is the timely use of a sufficient quantity of vitamins, in particular group B. They guarantee the normalization of metabolic processes in the body.Tiamine, contained in beans and peas, will improve the process of exchange of fats, proteins and carbohydrates.
For hemoglobin to be produced in the blood, pyridoxin is necessary.This substance is rich in potatoes, bananas, cabbage and nuts.Riboflavin is saturated with eggs, liver, dairy products and mushrooms.
Legumes and herbs provide the body with folic acid.
Vitamins and trace elements obtained from food than drugs are better absorbed by the body, which is an important factor in the process of restoring the cartilage fabric.
You must adhere to certain nutritional rules in the treatment of osteoarthritis
- You should take food often in small portions;
- You cannot eat before bedtime, you should refuse heavy foods for the stomach;
- To facilitate the load on the painful joints, it is necessary to control weight and prevent obesity;
- Walk after eating during remission - useful prevention of the articular diseases;
- The selection or adjustment of the diet with the doctor will provide an appropriate balanced diet.
Thus, osteoarthritis can be defeated.It is important to respect treatment methods and listen to the advice of the attending physician.